TARIHIN DAULAR ZAZZAU 4

TARIHIN KAFUWAR DAULAR ZAZZAU

Kashi na Huɗu

  DAGA SADIQ TUKUR GWARZO

SARAUTAR ZAZZAU

 Tana iya yiwuwa kafuwar wannan birni na zazzau ne ya samar da yawaitar hare-hare daga masarautun da suka kafu a yankin tun acan baya musamman daga dakarun masarautar Gurara (birnin gwari na yau) a wajajen shekara ta 1140.
  Sai dai kuma da alama yawaitar hare-haren ne ya sanya al'ummar garuruwan shawarar samar da ganuwa a tsakaninsu. Don haka kai tsaye ana iya cewar tashin hankulan mazauna yankunan zzzau ne ya sanyasu samar da ganuwa.
 Amma dai an samu cewar samuwar wannan birnin ya sanya wasu garuruwan sun shige cikin sabuwar daular zazzau domin neman mafaka, yayin da a hankali zazzau ɗin ta rinka haɓaka da faɗaɗa ikonta akan yankuna har wasu garuruwa irinsu Dumbi, Farakwai, Tsauni da Hange suka zamo karkashin ikon ta a farko, daga baya kuma irinsu kauru, kajuru, Fatika, kagarko, lere, durum da wasunsu suka faɗo gareta a baya-baya.
   Sai dai kafin nan, shin wanenen ya soma sarautar Zazzau?
   Kusan duk maruwaita tarihin zazzau sun bada labarin cewar wani mai suna Gunguma shine ya soma sarautar Zazzau, kurum dai maganganu akansa ne suka sha bam-bam.
  Da farko, akwai labarin daya zo cewar shi Gunguma, ɗane ga sarkin Daura Bawo ɗan Bayajidda.
  Akace sa'ar da masarautar Gurara ta takurawa Zazzau da hari, sai zazzagawa suka runtuma gareshi neman ɗauki. Anan ne ya turo ɗansa Gunguma domin ya mulkesu kuma ya samar musu da tsaro.
   Akace kuma a tare dashi akwai mutane goma sha shidda waɗanda sukayi sarautar zazzau ɗaya bayan ɗaya, tun daga kan sarki Matazo daya gaji Gunguma har zuwa kan sarkin zazzau Sukanau.
   Amma a wani zancen, ance wani maruwaici mai suna Al Maqrizi ya ruwaito a wajajen karni na goma sha biyar daga littafin 'Kitab Al Jogirafiyya' na Ibn Sa'id wanda akace shikuma ya jiyo daga marubuci Ibn Furtua wanda ya riski zazzau a zamaninsa cewar sunan asalin daular Zazzau na wani kauye ne mai suna 'Kunkuma', wanda akace sunan kauyen ya samu ne daga wani waishi Kunkuma daya kafashi.  
   Akace Mazaunan kauyen kunkuma kabilar kadarawa ne, suna kiran sarkinsu Bugwom.
   Sai dai saboda yawaitar hare-hare garesu sai suka koma Turunku da zama, daga nan kuma  suka sauyawa garin   suna  zazzau, sunan sarkinsu kuma ya cigaba a matsayin Kunkuma.
  Saboda haka ake kallon sauyawa sunan Gunguma yayi daga Kunkuma.
   Marigayi farfesa Mahdi Adamu ya taɓa kawo maganar haka a wata makalarsa mai taken 'Hausaland and Other Places of Northern Nigeria 1200-1600AD', har yake cewa ba abin mamaki bane don an sauya harafin 'K' zuwa 'G', watau sunan sarkin ya sauya daga Kunkuma na asali izuwa Gunguma tunda larabci kan iya amfani da haruffan 'k' da 'g' a wurare ɗaya saboda kamance-ceniyar su wajen furtawa, to amma dashi da wasu masanan sunyi shakkun zuwan Ibn Furtua kasar Hausa ballantana daular Zazzau.
  A wata fuskar kuma, ance Gunguma wani mafarauci ne Bamaguje wanda ya zagaya wurare kafin daga baya ya zauna a zazzau.
  Wuraren da akace ya riska kafin zuwansa zazzau sune:- Kawuri, Kargi, Rikochi, Wuchichchiri, Turunku, Kufena sannan Zazzau.
   Watakila tasirin Kufena wajen samar da ƴhaɗin kan wannan daula mai suna zazzau ne ya sanya ya zamo shugaba na farko a gareta.
  Amma dai, Waɗannan sune sunayen sarakunan daular Zazzau 22 na farko-farko daga cikin kimanin 61 da akace sun mulketa tun daga kafuwarta zuwa yanzu:-
1.  Gunguma,
2. Matazo,
3. Tumsah,
4.Tumasa,
5. Muswaza,
6. Suleiman,
7. Dimzaki,
8. Nayoga,
9. Kauchi,
10 Nawanci,
11. Macikai,
12. Kewo,
13. Bashirkar,
14. Majidada,
15. Dirahi,
16. Jinjiku,
17. Sukano,
18. Muhammadu Abu (1505-1530)
19. Guda Dan Masukana (1530-1532),
20. Nohir (1532-1535),
21. Kowanisa (1535-1536)
22. Bakwa Turunku