ZUWAN TURAWA KASAR HAUSA

TARIHI: ZUWAN TURAWA KASAR HAUSA DA YADDA SUKA CI KANO DA SOKOTO DA YAKI A SHEKARAR 1903.

SADIQ TUKUR GWARZO

GABATARWAR
Muhammad Sani Umar
  Da
John Hunwick
  A wani lokaci a shekarar 1902, wani matashi mai suna Abdullahi ya riski kano daga arewa, ana tsammanin daga Ghadamus yake. Bamu samu labarin komai dangane da dalilin zuwan saba, da kuma danginsa, amma dai wannan labarin daya rubuta na daga madogarar mu dangane da labarin nasa.
   Domin acikin labarin ne ya bayyana kansa a matsayin ɗalibi, amma ba'a fuskanci a takamaimen fannin da yake ɗalibtar ba, domin babu wata alama dake nuna yazo kano ɗaukar karatu a gurin masana, amma mun samu labari cewa wasu shekaru da suka shuɗe yayi aikin tafinta ga kawunsa na wajen mahaifi dake zaune a kano, wanda hujjoji sun tabbatar da cewa balaraben Ghadamus ne da kasuwanci ya kawo shi kano.
   Abdullahi Al Ghadamasi ya riski kano watanni 8 kafin turawan mulkin mallaka su riski kano, har su cita da yaki a shekarar 1903. Don haka muna iya cewa shi ganau ne ba jiyau ba akan yadda yakin ya kasance.
   Haka kuma, bamu samu komai  dangane da hakan ba sai a wajajen shekarar 1907, zuwa 1908 sanda Abdullahin ya amsa kiran C.L Temple na neman wanda zai taimaka masa a fannin tafinta masanin Arabi da Hausa. A wannan lokaci C.L Temple na kokarin tafiya hutu ne burtaniya, watakila bayan ya kammala ayyukansa a sokoto kenan a watan janairun 1908.
  Koda yake, ance aikin Abdullahi da Temple baiyi tsawo sosai ba sabili da yadda akace an nusar da Temple cewar akwai rashin gaskiya/cushe a aiyukansa na fassara.
  Babu Jimawa ne kuma akace Abdullahi Alghadamasi ya shiga aiki da H.R Palmer, wanda a lokacin babban aikinsa shine tattara haraji daga loko da sakunan kasar kano.
  Kuma kamar yadda muka fahimta, Palmer yayi mu'amala dashi saɓanin yadda Temple yayi dashi ta hanya mai kyau harma yana yawan godiya gareshi. Kai, muna iya cewa ma babu shakka, Abdullahi ne matashin da Palmer yake nufi da 'matashin balarabe' a farkon littafinsa na sunayen sarakunan kano mai suna 'Kano chronicle' wanda yace ya ɗauka aiki, har kuma yana iya fahimtar larabcin Tripoli dana Ghadamus.
   Sannan, Babu takamaimen dalilin daya sanya Abdullahi Alghadamasi ya rubuta wannan tarihi, amma tana ita yiwuwa Palmer ne ya karfafe shi yayi. Haka kuma bamu da takamaimen sanin halin da Abdullahi ya cigaba da kasancewa bayan Palmer ya tafi hutu Burtaniya. Koda yake, ance Palmer yayi nufin tafiya tare dashi Burtaniya ɗinma, amma yayin da suka riski Birnin Ikko, Sai Abdullahi ya karaya, har ya yanke shawarar bazai iya jure doguwar tafiya cikin teku ba.
   Don haka, samun wannn tarihi muna iya cewa abu ne mai kyau a garemu, domin mahangan da tarihin ya kalla. Da fari dai, Abdullahi yana cikin kwaryar kano turawa suka zo, don haka ya gani kuma yaji abinda zai iya bada labari akansa.
  Sannan kuma tarihin ya kalli kasar hausa daga fuskar turai, tunda yayi aiki da turawan harma turawan sun gyara masa wasu aiyukan nasa.
   Yadda Turawa Suka Riski Kano.
  Ali ɗan Abdullahi Alfallati (Aliyu Babba Zaki) ne sarkin kano na wannan lokaci, kuma yana kan mulki sai labarin yaki ya zowa wannan gari.
   Ali, sarkin wannan gari yana sane da labarin yaki. Amma sai yayi shiru bai yayata ga jama'a ba.
  A lokacin da tsoro ya cika masa zuciya, sai ya tattara amintattun sa, sannan yace musu "Kuyi sani yaku jama'a, nayi niyyar yin tafiya zuwa sokoto. Don haka waɗanda duk sukayi biyayya dani suna iya bina wannan tafiya"
  Daga nan sai ya shiga tattara jagororin yakinsa, da manyan jarumansa da barori, ya sanar musu da shirinsa na tafiya sokoto domin ziyartar iyaye da kakanninsa. Don haka a iya watanni biyu suka kammala shiri.
  Da lokacin tafiya yayi, sai sarki Ali ya kira yaronsa mai lakabin Sarkin Shanu, yace masa "Ya kai sarkin shanu, lokacin tafiya sokoto ziyartar iyaye da kakanni na yayi. Gashi kuma kai zan dankawa kasarnan a hannunka ciki da kewayenta da dukkanin hakimanta. Wannan mukamine dana sanya a hannunka, don haka kayi kokarin rike shi da amana da kuma gaskiya. Kuma na sanar da Ma'aji Usmanu ya tallafeka wajen tsare wannan birni, tare da larabawa mazauna mutanen Tripoli da Ghadamus.
  Idan wani abu ya faru abirni, ko makiya suka zo daga ko ina, to ina umartarka kayi aiki da nutsuwa, kuma ka nemi shawarar larabawan nan wajen yanke hukunci.
   Bayan nan kuma, sai ya sake kiran Ma'aji Usmanu yayi magana dashi da cewa "Kayi sani ina shirin tafiya sokoto ziyartar iyaye da kakannina. Kuma na sanya kasarnan a hannunka dakai da Sarkin Shanu. Idan wani abu ya auku a birni, ko ka samu labarin zuwan makiya daga ko ina, to kuyi aiki da nutsuwa tare da larabawan nan mazauna birnin nan. Kunga muna da iyali, bayi da tarin dukiya, don haka ku nemi shawarar su don samun sahihiyar mafita, lalle ne suƴ mutane ne masu ingantacciyar fahimta.
  Saboda haka kada kayi watsi da ra'ayinsu. Ni yanzu zan tafi. Idan Allah Ubangiji ya tabbatar zan bar gari ranar 4 ga watan shawwal ( shekarar 1320 kenan, dai-dai da 3-1-1903.)
   Ita kuwa kofar kansakali. Kada ku rufeta domin tanan zamu rinka sadar da manzanni a tsakanin mu.
   Sarkin kuma ya sake shaidawa Sarkin shanu cewa "Kai wakili nane, don haka duk abinda ya faru bayan rabuwar mu ka sanar dani ta hanyar wasika, kuma kada ka bari aike ya tsaya a tsakaninmu daga gareka da ma'aji. Amma lamurorin sharia, sai kubar su a hannun Alkali, ku kuma kuji da abubuwan da suka shafi Sarauta.
  Don haka, idan Allah ya dawo damu kano lafiya, muka sameku kunyi aiki da nagarta kun cika umarninmu, to hakika zan saka muku da abinda zai faranta muku zuciya. Ku sani Allah Ta'ala yace 'babu abu mafi kamantuwa da sakayya ga alheri sai alheri' (Q 55:60). Allah ya haɗa fuskokinmu da alheri amin"

TARIHI: ZUWAN TURAWA KASAR HAUSA DA YADDA SUKA CI KANO DA SOKOTO DA YAKI A SHEKARAR 1903.

RAYUWA A TSOHUWAR KASAR ƳHAUSA

ALAWA IRIN TA-DA: RAYUWA A TSOHUWAR KASAR HAUSA.

Daga Sadiq Tukur Gwarzo, RN.

Kashi na ɗaya.

Idan kimiyyar wannan zamani ta gaza samar mana da na'urar hawa wadda zata kaimu gaba ko baya da lokaci, abin da yafi kamata sai mu saurari yadda rayuwar ta kasance, sannan mu fasalta-ta da tunani-kan mu.

Kafin rikicewar zamunna da al'adu, kafin sauyawar zamantakewa da ɗabi'u tsakanin hausawa, kafin kwararowar baki wannan yanki na hausa, sarakunan gargajiya keda wuka da nama a fannin mulki.
   Daga zantukan da mukaji, ance asalin sarautar kowanne gari ta soma ne daga wanda ya kafa garin, ko kuma ace wanda ya soma zama a inda daga baya ya zama gari babba.
  Misali, wani mai suna Dala akace ya soma zama akan wani shahararren dutse zamani mai tsawo daya shuɗe, don haka sai ya zamo mai faɗa aji ga duk wanda yazo wurin daga baya.
    Kalmar Sarki da ake kiran mutumin da yake rike da sarauta mafi kololuwa a gari, ance ba daɗaɗɗa bace. Tana iya yiwuwa asalin hausawa bada sarki suke kiran shugaban suba. Watakila kodai suna kiran duk wanda ya samu mulkinsu da sunansa na yanka ta yadda bayan ya mutu sai sunan ya likewa wannan sarautar, ko kuma akwai wani suna da kalmar sarki ta maye gurbinta.
    A wancan zamanin, akwai karancin kwanciyar hankula a garuruwa saboda yake-yake da kamen bayi daga masu karfi, amma kuma akwai amana, mutunci da girmamawa a tsakanin mutane.
   Wannan yasa kowanne gari suke yin dabarar zagaye biranensu da ganuwa, watau katanga wadda  ake gina ta da kasa, sannan ayi mata tagogi daga sama don hango mahara da kuma kofofi na shiga tare da sanya mai kula da buɗewa da rufewar kofofin.
  A wancan zamanin, sarakuna ababen kauna ne, ababen girmamawa kuma. Zai wuya wani ya shiga gari ko ya fita ba tare da sarki yaji labarin saba. Sannan babu waya ko motocin hawa a zamanin, amma da zarar an nufi wani gari da mugunta, ko wata tawaga zata shige ta wani yanki, kafin abin ya riski garin zakaga har labari ya samesu suna shirin ɗaukar mataki gwargwadon iko.
   A zamanin maguzanci a kasar hausa, noma ne babbar sana'ar mutanen lokacin. Sai kuma sauran sanaoi da akeyi misalin kira, jima, fawa da wasu kalilan da suke safarar hatsi daga gari zuwa gari a jakuna.
  Don haka ance mutanen zamanin kan ware wani lokaci domin gangamin hadaya/sadaka bisa murnar arzikin da suka samu bayan girbe amfanin gona.
   Akan kira  ranar taron da 'Ranar Dutse', ko 'Ranar Gangare', ya danganta dai da yankin mutane.
  Idan ranar tazo, anan ne ake fito da abinci da abinsha daro-daro ana rabawa mutane kyauta, makaɗa kuma da mawaka suna cashewa a dandali.
   Wannan fa, wani abune da mutanen da basu san Ubangiji ya wanzu-ba sukeyi bisa muradin kansu, kawai saboda sunyi imanin cewa sai sun farantawa marasa karfin cikinsu sannan zasu samu babbar nasarar noma a shekara mai zuwa.
   A irin wannan taron ne akace ake haɗa auratayya tsakanin budurwa da saurayi. Ma'ana, idan iyaye sun haɗu a dandali, sai firar iyali ta shiga, take sai kaji wasu sun aminta dasu kulla aure tsakanin yaransu. Wasu kuma anan zasu nemi karin aure, tunda a zamanin magidanci kan auri mata sama da biyar shi kaɗai.
   Don haka da zarar sun yanke magana, sai su dawo gida su sanar da iyali cewa an baiwa wane ɗan gidan wane auren wance. Shikenan..
   Ance idan an kulla aure, maza ke kai duk wata hidima da al'ada ta tanadar izuwa gidan amarya. Kuma anfi kiran abin da (baye).
   Idan biki yazo kuwa, shagali ake sha kala-kala na al'ada.
   Misali, akan tafi da amarya ayi mata wanka da lalle, abinda ake kira wankan Amarya.
   Akwai ranar da ake warewa domin yin kwanan zaune.
  Sannan shima ango ana wankeshi da lalle. Sai kaji ance 'An sashi, ko an sanyata a Lalle'.
   Sannan kiɗe-kiɗe da wasannin al'ada basa yankewa tunda ance akan shafe sati guda cur ana shagalin aure.
   Idan ranar kai amarya tazo kuwa, gangami akeyi kamar za'a raka sarki yaki, musamman idan nesa za'akai amaryar.
   Anan zakaga tawaga ta haɗu, 'yammata da samari, tsoffi kakannin amarya da sauran iyaye. Sai kuma uwa uba makaɗa da zabiyar waka.
   Duk da kasancewar zuwa yanzu mun gaza samun cikakken labari akan dutsen nan na amare mai tsohon tarihi, amma labarun baka sun tabbatar da cewa wata amarya za'akai wani gari inda suka haɗu da wata musiba har suka zama duwatsu. Don haka idan mutum yaje wajen zai ga dutsen da akace amaryar ta zama, sai kuma duwatsun kayan kiɗa da tawagar amarya.
   Daga tsoffin kayayyakin kiɗa na wancan zamani, akwai misalin Kuru, Dundufa, Banga, kuttuku, Ganga da Kalangu, sai kuma tambura, algaita da sarewa na busawa.
   A baya-baya ne akace fulani sun iso da kayayyakin samar da sauti misalin Tilliɓuro, sirik'i da korama da wasunsu.
   Daga nesa, tawagar kurum zaka hango ana tafe ana bushe-bushe da kaɗe kaɗe, zabiya na bada waka, 'yammata na amsawa, yayinda ita kuma amaryar aka lulluɓeta da tufafi don kada a ganta, duk da wasunsu akasari kukan rabuwa da gida suke rafkawa a wannan lokaci..
   

TARIHIN GIMBIYA AMINA TA ZAZZAU

TARIHIN SARAUNIYA AMINA TA BIRNIN ZAZZAU: MACE MAI KAMAR MAZA..






Daga Sadiq Tukur Gwarzo

Amina Sarauniyar Zazzau, ko kuma ace sadaukiyar zazzau wadda akace ta rayu a wajajen shekara ta 1433 zuwa 1610, ɗaya ce daga cikin ‘ya'ya uku da sarkin Zazzau Bakwa Turunku ya haifa. Watau ita Amina ɗin da ƙanwarta mai suna Zariya, sai namijin kaninsu da ake kira Karama.
  Ance Amina tayi sarautar Zazzau bayan rasuwar ɗan uwanta Karama wanda ya soma gadar mahaifinsu, a wajajen shekara ta 1509 zuwa 1522, ance kuma shekarunta 13 kacal akan karagar mulki ta rasu. Kuma ita ce mace ta farko da ta mulki masarautar Zazzau, shugaba ta shida a cikin sarakunan haɓe waɗanda sukai mulki bayan Addinin Musulunci ya fara bayyana a ƙasar Zazzau. Har ila yau a cikin jerin sarakunan Zazzau gaba ɗaya ita ce ta 23.
Sarauniya Amina ta shahara matuƙa a ƙasar Hausa da ma yankunan da daular Usmaniyya ta mulka. Ta-yi-ta kaiwa da komowa na yaƙe-yaƙe a wurare da dama. Mulkin Amina ya faɗaɗa tun daga Zariya har zuwa ƙasar Abuja, da kuma can yankin kwararrafawa dake kasar bauchi sai kuma ƙananan garuruwa na kabilun Nufawa da jukun da dama da sarauniya Amina ta karɓe ikonsu waɗanda akace ba masu girma bane, amma ta kafasu a matsayin makarai, watau kamar dai ace wurare ne data ya-da zango kuma suka faɗa karkashin ikonta. Shine har akace tana sanyawa ayi ganuwa don samar da tsaro, ganuwar da ake sanyawa suna 'Ganuwar Amina' (har yanzu akwai wuraren a jihohin kano da katsina).
  Da yake Kasar hausa na cikin yamutsin yake-yake tun daga wajajen shekara ta 1200 har zuwa 1700, Kasar zazzau ta zamo cikin halin rashin zama lafiya da makwabtanta a wannan lokaci. Daular Songhai ta kawo mamaya kasar hausa a wannan tsakani, sannan garuruwan kano, katsina da Borno sun zamo manyan abokan gaba ga zazzau. Don haka akace kasar zazzau ta zamo tana matukar bukatar jarumin shugaba a koda wanne lokaci.
Akace akan haka ne Amina ta gaji sarauta. Kuma duk da kasancewar ta mace, ta zamo jaruma abar tsoro ga sadaukai.
  Tun tana karama ake ganin alamomin sadaukantaka a tare da ita har girman ta. Don haka lokacin da tahau kan mulki bata samu turjiya daga Sadaukan fadar zazzau ba.
Ance watan Amina ukku akan gadon sarauta ta fara fita yake-yake, inda tarinka cinye garuruwa da yaki tana faɗaɗa masarrautar ta.
  A wata fadar ma ance kafin tabar mulki, saida ta tursasa sarakunan Kano da katsina su rinka biyanta Haraji na bayi da goro domin su zauna lafiya. Koda yake wani zancen ya ruwaito cewa Amina ta fuskanci matsananciyar turjiyar yaki daga wani Sarki mai suna Muhammadu Kanejeji, sarkin da Littafin Tarihin kano mai taken 'Kano chronicle' ya ruwaito a matsayin Sarkin Kano na 14 a jerin Sarakunan haɓe. Amma wasu na ganin ta taɓa samun nasarar da har saida ta kori kowa daga birnin kano.
   Sai dai bisa wannan, wasu masanan tarihi Mr. J.F Ajayi da Michael Crowder sun sanya rayuwar Amina baya da yadda ake ɗauka duba da yadda littafin tarihin kano ya zayyana cewar tayi sharafi a zamanin sarki Kanajeji, wanda lissafi ya auna cewar ya rayu ne a wuraren shekara ta 1420-1438.
  Shi kuma wani masanin tarihin afirka mai suna P.J.M. McEwan ya ruwaito cewa Sarauniya Amina tacinye garuruwan Nufawa dana Kwararrafawa dake yankin ta duka da yaki a lokacin rayuwarta.
  Wasu kuma sunce ga dukkan alamu, sai da Amina tafi karfin sarakunan hausa dake mulkin garuruwan kano, Rano, katsina, Daura da Gobir kafin rasuwar ta.
  A takaice dai, Babu wani daya taɓa ruwaito cewa Sarauniya Amina ta taɓa aure na din-din-din a rayuwarta, balle ace tabar zuriya bayan rasuwarta. Abinda akace tanayi shine, tana zaɓar sadauki ne idan ta cinye gari da yaki ta (aureshi) kwana dashi, kashegari ta hallaka shi, har wasu sukace a irin haka ta haɗu da wani wanda ya hallaka ta.
  Sarauniya Amina tana da jarumta sosai, don haka duk inda zatake yaki itace ke jagorantar rundunar yakin. Kuma zaiyi wahala tayi yaki bataci nasara ba. Wannan ne silar dayasa sunanta ya ɗaukaka a lokacin har wasu ke cewa Amina batayi sarautar zazzau ba, kurum dai Shugabar mayakan zazzau ce wadda sunanta ya kasance maɗaukaki.
  Wasu turawa kuwa sun rubuta tarihinta ɗaruruwan shekaru da suka gabata. Har ma ance Shirin fim din Hollywood mai suna 'Xena: The warrior queen' anyi shi akan tane domin ya nuna tarihin ta.
Dangane da batun waje ko kuma garin da Sarauniya Amina ta rasu, a gaskiya babu tabbas, to amma masana tahiri suna kyautata zaton cewa ta rasu ne a can ƙasar Gara, wato ƙasar Igala kenan, wadda ke cikin jihar Kogi a arewacin Najeriya a halin yanzu.
  Wasu kuma sukace sam nemar ta akayi aka rasa bayan wani attajiri dayaji labarinta, sai yazo ya nemi kwana da ita, kafin gari ya waye ya sirare yabarta. Ance dagari ya waye sai itama tabar gari, kuma ba'a kara jin duriyar taba. Wannan dalili ne ma ya sa ba a san takamaiman inda kabarinta ya ke ba.
  Har ila yau, Wasu sunce kabarinta nacan kasar Bidda, kusa da wani gari nai suna Atagara, wai taje yaki ne ajali ya kamata har aka binneta acan..
  Ana mata kirari da 'amina 'yar bakwa ta san rana, mace mai kamar maza kwari ne babu'.
 Sai dai har yanzu da akwai bayanai masu sarƙaƙiya da kuma saɓani na masana tarihi a game da rayuwar sarauniya Amina, musamman wajen tabbatar da cewar tayi sarautar zazzau ko kuwa gimbiyar yaki kurum ta zamo ga zazzau ɗin, ba illa yadda wani littafin masarautar zazzau na baya-bayan nan ya rubuta sunayen sarakunan Zazzau tun daga farkon masarautar har zuwa yau ba tare da sanya sunan taba, to amma dai magana mafi rinjaye ita ce, Sarauniya Amina ta taɓa wanzuwa a doron ƙasa, a matsayin jaruma a daular masarautar Zazzau.

Tarihin Asalin Wasan Barkwancin Fulani da bare-bari

TARIHIN ASALIN WASAN BARE-BARI DA FULANI DAGA SADIQ TUKIR GWARZO, RN. 08060869978 Tarihi ya nuna cewar bunkasar shahararriyar maɗaukakiyar daular borno ta bare-bare ta soma yin kasa ne tun bayan rasuwar Sarkinsu Mai Idris Alooma a wuraren karni na goma sha shidda zuwa na sha bakwai. Don haka ya zamana daular ta rinka asarar manyan garuruwan da suke karkashinta sakamakon yadda karfin ikonta ke dusashewa. Ana wannan yanayi, sai kuma fulani suka soma jihadi a shekarar 1804. Don haka bayan yake-yakensu yayi kamari, sai ya zamana suna tashi zuwa garuruwa domin cinsu da yaki, sai data kai har masarautar borno sun riska da yaki. Ance a shekarar 1808 ne fulani suka kwace cibiyar masarautar Bare-bari dake garin Ngazargamu, inda suka kone garin tare da korar mayakan bare-bari. A shekarar 1814 kuma sai babban malami a daular borno mai suna shehu Muhammadul Amin Alkanemi ya jagoranci kafa sabuwar daular bare-bari a wani gari mai suna Kukawa. Sannan ya haɗa runduna gami da soma taimakon sarkin Borno mai suna Mai Dunama Lefiagi. Daga baya, Bayan sarki Mai Dunama yayi yunkurin halaka Muhammadul Amin Al-kanemi saboda hassadar farinjininsa a wurin jama'a amma bai samu nasara ba, sai Al-kanemin ya zamo sarkin borno mai cikakken iko ba tare da zubda jini ba, don haka kai tsaye ya shiga kalubalantar fulani da suka hanasu sakewa ta hanyar yakarsu da kuma aikewa da wasikun ilimi yana tuhumar Shugaban fulani shehu Usmanu akan cewa don me zai shiga yaki da daular Borno da sunan jihadi alhali tafi shekaru ɗari takwas da karɓar musulunci? To a haka dai akace aka rinka kwafsawa da yaki da kuma rubuce-rubuce na wasiku har zuwa rasuwar shehu Usmanu ɗan fodio, yayinda ɗansa Muhammadu Bello ya gaje shi a shekarar 1826 inda yaki ya kara tsamari a tsakaninsu. To ance babu jimawa kuma bayan kowa yasha wuya a hannun ɗanuwansa, sai kuma aka yanke shawarar yin masalaha. Anan akayi sulhu, aka bar bare-bari da birninsu, amma dai sun rasa ikon wasu yankunan da abaya suke hannunsu izuwa hannun fulani. Ance a inda wasan kabilun biyu ya shigo shine dirkakowar mayakin nan daga sudan zuwa yankin borno, watau Rabeh, wanda yazo ya kwace daular borno gaba ɗaya, tare da azabtar da bare-bari har tasa sarkin bare-bari ya gudu daga masarautarsa neman mafaka. Fulani ne akace suka rinka tunkarar Rabeh da yaki suna fafatawa, har izuwa lokacin da sojojin faranshi sukai masa tara-tara suka hallaka shi. Don haka wuyar da bare-bari suka sha a hannun Rabeh, ya zamo rabinta basu sha-ba a yakinsu da fulani, don haka fulani suka rinka tsokanarsu idan an gansu ana cewa 'ga Rabeh nan', sukuma sai kaga sun hargitse kamar ɓera ya hango kyanwa. Daga baya da suka gane tsokana ce sai suma suke mayar da martani, har kuma abin ya zamo wasan tsokana. Watakila inda wasan fulani da bare-bari ya samo asali kenan, Amma dai ance har zuwa yau, babar-bare na cike da kuncin azabar dayasha a hannun Rabeh, har ma ya yadda ya sanyawa ɗansa suna Usmanu (ɗan fodio), amma baya taɓa sanya sunan Rabeh ko Rabi'u ga yaronsa.

TARIHI: TUNAWA DA YAK'IN BASASAR KANO DAGA SADIQ TUKUR GWARZO, RN. 08060869978 Galadima Yusufu mutane keso ba Alu ba. A garin Garko yake kuma acan ya mutu. Kafin rasuwar sa, kowa yayi amannar cewa shine zai zamo Sarki, amma sai ciwo ya kamashi har ya mutu a Garko. Daga nan sai sarakunan bayin Sarki da 'ya'yansu sukace yanzu menene abinyi? Sai wasu sukace abu d'aya ya kamata muyi, mutum d'aya ne kurum zai iya jagorantar mu zuwa Kano. Shine Mallam Babba, Alu kenan. Daga nan suka aika masa, sannan suka dora shi a gadon Mulkin Yusufu. Bayan sunyi haka, da dare suka binne Yusufu da hasken fitilu. Suka kawo Alu suka zaunar dashi akan karagar mulki. Sukayi masa nad'i. Sai kuma akace fadawa kowa yazo yayi mubaya'a. Kaji yadda Alu ya zamo Sarki. Kuma shine dalilin da yasa dayaji turawa na tafe ya tafi sokoto domin ziyartar hubbalen Shehu tayadda Sarkin Musulmi zai amince da zamowar sa Sarki tare da goya masa baya. Jama'ar gari, mafarauta da maharba ne sukayi bore ga Sarki Alu a lokacin da yakin Basasa ya barke. Basasa anan na nufin yakin da akayi don dora Alu akan karagar mulki. Anyi shine a Ramli shekarar 'Ba-Sa-Sha'. 'Sha' a ilimin Hisabi na nufin 1000, 'Sa' na nufin 300, 'a' na nufin 1, yayin da 'ba' ke nufin 2. Idan ka hada lissafi zai baka shekara ta 1303 kenan bayan Hijira. (Dai-dai da 1894 miladiyya). Ana kiran Alu da suna 'Mallam Babba' (Ma'ana babban malami), domin a wurin mu duk wani dan Sarki Mallam ne koda bai koyi karatu ba. Amma da zarar Sarki ya bashi wata sarauta sai a daina cewa Mallam, a koma kiransa da wannan sarauta. Alu ya shiga Kano ranar wata Laraba. A wannan lokacin mutane da yawa sun bar Kano izuwa Kamri wajen Tukur, domin shi akafi so. An kashe Tukur ne a Gurum (Kamri da Gurum wasu kauyuka ne dake kusa da juna a kasar katsina). Naji labarin cewa anji masa raunika sannan aka kawo shi gaban Sarki Alu. Ance Sarki Alu yayi fushi sosai akan cewa don me zasu yiwa d'an uwansa na jini haka? Sarki Alu yace "kuyi maza ku kawo masa ruwa yasha". Amma sai Sarki Tukur yace "kada a kawo min ruwa, azumi nakeyi, bazan sha ruwa ba". A haka kuwa Allah ya amshi ransa. Allahu Akbar!!! A garin Gurum aka binne Sarki Tukur, shiyasa ake Kiran sa da 'Maje-Gurum' kamar yadda ake kiran Galadima Yusufu 'Maje-Garko', ake kiran Sarki Abbas kuma 'Maje Nasarawa'. Marigayi Alhaji Mahmud Koki tafinta ne na turawa, shine kuma ya bamu wannan labari. An rubuta labarin a cikin tarihin sa wanda aka wallafa a shekarar 1977. ASALIN YAKIN BASASA Sarkin Kano Abdullahi Maje-karofi shine d'a na biyu ga Sarkin Kano Ibrahim Dabo, ya rasu a wajajen shekara ta 1882 miladiyya a wani gari mai suna Kauran-Namoda. Sai k'aninsa Muhammad Bello (shima dan Marigayi Ibrahim Dabo ne) ya hau karagar mulki. Ance Sarki Muhammad Bello ya rinka kokarin karbe muk'amai daga hannun 'ya'yan 'yanuwansa yana dasa 'ya'yansa na cikin sa. Sannan ya kara yawan jakadu masu tattara Haraji, abinda yayi sanadiyyar jefa talakawa cikin matsi kenan, tare da janyo masa bakin jini a gurinsu. Ance tun alokacin ya fara sharewa dansa Muhammad Tukur hanyar zama Sarki bayan ya rasu. Ya rinka aikawa da Kyaututtuka izuwa Sokoto domin neman goyon bayan Sarkin Musulmi. Shikuwa Sarkin Kano Muhammad Tukur, sarkin musulmi Abdurrahman (danyen kasko) ne ya nada shi bayan mutuwar mahaifin Tukur din, watau Sarkin Kano Muhammad Bello. Wasu sunce bai kai shekaru arba'in ba aka nad'ashi mulki, Wasu kuma sunce bashi da karsashin Rike mulki. A wannan lokacin, sai dan uwansa Galadima Yusuf, wanda yake d'a ga marigayi Sarkin Kano Abdullahi Maje-karofi tare da jama'ar sa suka gudu izuwa garin Takai wadda ke kudu maso gabashin Kano. Mutuwar Galadima Yusuf ce sanadin dora Sarkin kano Alu a mazauninsa. Sannan a hankali suka rinka cinye garuruwan kano da yaki. A haka har sai da rundunar su tayi karfi, suka shigo kano a ranar wata Laraba, 19 ga watan agusta na shekarar 1894 miladiyya ana buga tambura na sarauta bayan ya samu nasara akan Sarki Tukur, wanda ya gudu ya bar Kano bayan rundunar yak'insa ta raunana. Dafatan zamu amfanu da darussan wannan labari.

AMFANIN SHAFIN FACEBOOK na yanar gizo mai sadarwa ga zamantakewa da kuma kasuwanci

AMFANIN SHAFIN FACEBOOK na yanar gizo mai sadarwa ga zamantakewa da kuma kasuwanci 

 Assalamu Alaikum Tarihin shafin facebook wani matashi wanda har yanzu shekarun sa basu wuce ashirin da bakwai ba, wanda kuma ya samu damar shiga sahun attajiran duniya, mack zuckerberg ne ya qirqiro wannan shafin yayin karatunsa a jami,ar Harvard dake qasar Amurka. A ranar 4 ga watan fabrairun shekara ta 2004 ya samu nasarar liqa shafin sadarwar mai suna The facebook da yanar gizo bayan ya dauki dawainiyar tsara shafin daga na'urarsa mai kwakwalwa, a lokacin ne ABOKANAN karatunsa suka fara yin rijista da shafin saboda tsarin shafin anyi shine domin sauqaqewa daga wani littafin da yan MAKARANTAR keyi wanda yake dauke da sunan dalibi da adireshinsa da wasu bayanai, sunan littafin Exeter, kwatankwacin photo album da wasu daliban makarantu keyi a yanzu. A cikin sati biyu da liqa shafin na The facebook, sai da aka samu kimanin rabin daliban wannan jami,a ta Harvard sunyi rijista, daga nan sai makwabtan jami'o'i suka nemi izinin fara amfani da shafin, kafin a dauki tsawon lokaci sai shafin ya bunqasa da dalibai daga jami'o'i daban- daban, wannan ne yasa shi mai shafin Mark komawa da baya ya bunqasa shafin, saboda yanayin yadda ya qera shafin baiyi hasashen samun mutanen daya samu ba, wannan ne yasa yayi tunanin buda shafin yadda kowa da kowa zai iya amfani dashi. Daga nan sai ya nemo abokanansa domin su tayashi wannan aiki, ya dauko su a matsayin haya zai rinqa biyan su, wani mai suna Dustin Moskorits ne ya zama mai jagarantar fagen sarrafawar shafin (programming), Eduard saverin ya zama mai jagorancin harkar siye da siyarwa na shafin, chris Hughes ne ya jagoranci harkar ciyar da shafin gaba da da bunqasa shi, sai kuma Andrew Mccollum wanda ya dauki dawainiyar qawata shafin da zane_zane irin na yanar gizo (web designing). Ba'a jima dayin haka ba sai suka yanke shawarar bude cibiyar kamfanin nasu, inda suka amshi hayar wani qaramin gida a Palo Alto, cikin jihar california, a wannan lokacin ne kuma suka ci nasarar siyan haqqin mallaka na sunan kamfanin a yanar gizo, daga nan sunan ya koma kamar yadda yake a yanzu "faceboo.com". Amfanin Shafin Facebook A yanzu dai wannan shafin sadarwa ba baqo bane har a cikin mu hausawa, domin ya zamo wani dandali na yan mata da samari, yayin da wasu malaman addinai da yan siyasa tare da kamfanoni da qungiyoyi ke amfani da shafin don cimma burikansu. Mutum yana iya neman wasu abokanan sa da sukayi makaranta ko wata huddar arziqi a wannan shafin na facebook, haka kuma yana iya wanzuwa domin sadar da zumuncin dake tsakanin su ta hanyar gaisuwa da fatan alheri a garesu a kullum ko kuma jefi-jefi, sannan akwai damarmaki na haduwa da sabbin abokanai a wannan shafin. Sai dai amfanin nasa bai tsaya anan ba, domin a yanzu akawai dumbin mutanen da suka maida shafin wajen cin abincin su, inda a duk wata suke samun maquden kudaden shiga a shafin, kuma kamar yadda kowa ya sani, inda mutane suke anan ake zuwa yin talla, don haka shafin facebook ya zamo wata kasuwa mai dauke da dumbin mutane, akwai kimanin mutanen Najeriya miliyan biyar da sukayi rijista da shafin, yayin da a duniya kuma akwai kimanin mutane miliyan dari biyu duk da sukayi rijista da shafin. shafin facebook yazo da salo na sauqaqawa wanda yasa ya zarce sa'a ga sauran shafuka irin sa kamar squido.com, xanga.com, classmates.com, youTube.com har ma da shahararren shafin nan na Myspace, mai iya gogaiya da shafin facebook shine shafin Twitter.comidan aka dauke shafin google.comwanda ya zarce sa'a. Daga cikin abubuwan sauqaqawa da facebook ya kawo shine damar qirqirar shafi naka nakanka a kyauta. Duk wanda yake son qirqirar shafinsa idan ba'a facebook bane sai ya rinqa biyan kudi duk shekara bayan ya sayi sunan shafin (domain name), amma sai gashi facebook ya bada dama, ka qirqiri shafi akan duk abinda kakeso indai bai danganci cin mutumci ba, sannan bayan ka qirqiri shafin, kana da damar aikawa da katin gaiyata ga mutane kyauta, kana da damar tallata hajar ka idan kai dan kasuwane a shafin naka, kana da damar sayar da littattafai idan kai marubuci ne, kana da damar sayar da abubuwan wasa da sauran masarrafan kwamfuta a shafin idan kai programmer ne, kana da damar taimawa da bada ilimi ga dalibai ko sauran mutane idan kai malami ne,kana da damar neman shawarwari da jin ra'ayin jama'a idan kai dan siyasa ne. a taqaice dai damarmakin suna da yawa ga wanda yasan yadda zaiyi amfani dasu, kawai dai abinda yake aakwai shine shafin na facebook.comzai ciri wata yar la'ada aduk sanda ka kasa wata haja taka aka siya kuma. Baya da wannan kuma sai wana damar ta kyauta, inda ko ayanzu na sani akwai kungiyoyi da kamfanoni da suke cin gajiyarta, damar itace ta qirqirar dandali(group) a kyauta don tattauna muhimman abubuwa. Qungiyar yaqi da cin hanci da mai fafutukar yancin talaka duk suna da wannan dandali, mawaqa da masu wasan kwaikwayo suma suna da wannan dandali. Haka nan ana samun dalibai daga wasu makarantun da suke bude irin wannan dandali domin tattunawa a tsakaninsu, likitoci, yan jaridu da sauran rukuno ... nin al'umma duk sun bude irin wannan dandali a shafin yanar gizo na facebook.com. Na qarshe kuma shine mutum yana iya amfani da masarrafan shafin facebook da wasanni na games a kyauta a shafin, har ma ya jawo hankulan mutane don suyi mu'amala dashi a shafin daya bude ko kuma dandalin daya bude. abubuwan sun hada da cookbook, zoho office 2004, Task master da sauransu. Yadda ake rijista a shafin facebook.comDomin yin rijista a wannan shafin, sai a ziyarci wannanadireshin http://www.facebook.com,idan shafin yabude sai aje a latsa inda aka rubuta ''sign up'' a , daga nan shafin zai bude su bada fom da za'a cike. Akasari suna tamyar cikakken suna, kwanan wayar haihuwa, lambobin sirri, sai lambar waya ko adireshin email. Ko dai mutum ya bude a wayarsa ta sadarwa ko kuma ya bude a na'urar kwamfuta. Ga wanda zai bude da wayar sadarwa yana buqatar layin sadarwa, inda acikin fam din dazai cike na shafin zai rubuta lambar layin sadarwar, idan kuma a na'urar kwamfuta ne, mutum yana buqatar ya mallaki adireshin email wanda zai cike a fom din. Domin mallakar adireshin email, sai a ziyarci daya daga wadannan adiresoshi masu bada damar bude email a kyauta.: http://www.yahoomail.com,http:// www.gmai.com,http://www.live.comko kuma http://www.altavista.com,idan an bude shafukan, sai a latsa madannin 'sign up' ko kuma inda aka rubuta 'create gmail account'. Mutum zai cike fom din. Yadda ake bude shafi ko dandali Idan har mutum ya gama yin rijista da shafin na facebook.com, yayi 'sign in', gidansa ya bude (Home page) daga gefe zai ga inda aka rubuta 'create Grouf' zai kuma ga inda aka rubuta 'create page', don haka sai ya latsa wanda yafi sha'awa daga ciki, sannan yabi a hankali ya cike fom din da zasu bashi, ya zabawa shafin nasa ko dandalin nasa suna mai qayatarwa wanda zai ja hankalin mutane, sannan ya daure ya qayata shafin da hotuna masu ma'ana, da kuma rubutu akan abin da ya gina shafin. ya danganta dai da abinda kake so ka cimma wajen gina shafin naka, kasuwanci ne, wa'azi ne, koyarwa ce da sauransu. Daga Sadiq Tukur Gwarzo 08060869978