CIN ZARAFIN ƘANANUN YARA DA KARIYA A BISA HAKA

 CIN ZARAFIN ƘANANUN YARA DA KARIYA A BISA HAKA

SADIQ TUKUR GWARZO

GABATARWA

'Child maltreatment':- Cin zarafin ƙananun yara na nufin cutarwa ko wofantarwa da ake yiwa yara ƴan ƙasa da shekaru 18. Hukumar lafiya ta duniya   WHO ta sanar da cewa a duk faɗin duniya, kimanin yara biliyan 1 ne suka fuskanci cutarwa ta taɓuwar lafiyar jiki, ko ta ɓangaren jima'i ko kuma ta ɓangaren damuwa mai jiɓi da ƙwaƙwalwa. Wannan na nufin, rabin yara masu shekaru 2-17 dake rayuwa a wannan duniyar tamu sun haɗu da wancan tasgaron. Lallai wannan abin tashin hankali ne. Don haka ne yake da matuƙar muhimmanci a gare mu manya mu ɗauki mataki a game dashi.

   Kawar da cutarwa da wofantarwar  da ake yiwa yara haƙƙi ne da ya shafi al'umma baki ɗaya, saboda haka ya kamata ace mutane daga rukunan al'umma mabanbanta sun fahimci matsalolin dake tattare da cutar da ƙananun yara tare da ɗaukar matakai don daƙile aukuwar hakan.

  BAYANAI NA GASKIYA GAME DA CIN ZARAFIN YARA

Bisa haƙƙaƙewar ƙungiyar ISPCAN (International Society for the Prevention of Child Abuse and Neglect), hujjoji na ƙara ƙamari masu nuni da cewar wofantarwa gami da cutarwar da ake yiwa ƙananun yara ne silar aukuwar rabin matsalolin da al'ummar mu ke fuskanta a halin yanzu.

Cin zarafin ƙananun yara laifi ne, kuma saɓa dokar kundin tsarin mulkin Nigeria ne, kamar yadda yazo a;- Chapter 21: Offences against morality"  Criminal Code Act, Chapter 77, Laws of the Federation of Nigeria 1990. Retrieved 2 April 2016.

Haka nan, rahoton binciken ƙasashen duniya ya bayyana cewa kusan a duk yara 4 masu shekaru tsakanin 2-4, ana samun yara 3 waɗanda suka fuskanci azabtarwa ta jiki da/ko cusa musu damuwa daga ɓangaren iyaye ko masu reno, haka kuma ana samun a duk  mace 1 a cikin mata 5, da namiji 1 a cikin maza 13 cewa sun miƙa koken an ci zarafin su ta ɓangaren jima'i a lokacin da suke yara.   

MATSALOLIN DA CIN ZARAFIN KANANUN YARA KE HAIFARWA A YAN-KUNAN MU

Matsalolin da cin zarafin yara ƙananu ke haifarwa suna da tarin yawa, kamar yadda a baya muka kawo rahoton binciken kungiyar WHO cewa kusan rabin matsalolin al'ummar mu na da tushe ne daga cin zarafin ƙananun yara, wanda hakan ke nuni da cewa matsawar zamu tashi tsaye wajen kawar da waɗannan matsaloli to kuwa tabbas yawaitar rashin zama lafiya da ƙananun laifuffuka har ma da manya zasu ragu matuƙa a garuruwan mu.

NAU'IKAN CIN ZARAFI

Nauikan kashi huɗu ne, amma suna da rukunai ko yanayai da dama.

1. Cin zarafin yaro ta hanyar cutar da lafiyarsa

2. Cin zarafin yaro ta hanyar jima'i. Wannan ya danganci wasa ko cusa wa yaro wani abu na al'aura ko makamancin sa a al'aurar sa, da kuma ɗaukar hoton al'aurar ko sanya yaro yin wasa da ita.

3. Cin zarafin yaro ta hanyar cusa masa damuwa

4. Wofantarwa; watau rashin sauke wani nauyi na yaro da ya rataya akan wani mutum.

YADDA ZA A KAWO KARSHEN CIN ZARAFIN KANANUN YARA

YA KAMATA MU SOMA MAGANTUWA: Cin zarafin ƙananun yara kan faru cikin sirri, don haka muna da buƙatar samar da kyakkyawar hanyar jan ra'ayin al'ummar mu su soma magantuwa akai domin wannan batu ne wanda mutane ba kasafai suke jin daɗin tattauna shi ba.

  Don haka muna da buƙatar sanya abubuwa da dama domin gina 'shingayen kariya' (safety nets) a cikin mazaɓun mu.

Matakan bi domin kare cin zarafi sune:-

1. Ilimantar da al'umma

A. Koyawa alummar mu alamomi na kai tsaye da suke nuni da cin zarafi ga ƙananun yara.  

B. Ilimantar da Malamai

Malamai kan iya zamowa bangon samun rabauta jallin-jal wajen kawar da cin zarafin ƙananun yara idan har ya kasance malaman sun fahimci abin sosai tare kuma da basu tallafi na musamman.

C. Ilimantar da Yara

Ƙananun yara basu da buƙatar sanin cikakken bayani game da cin zarafi, to amma akwai buƙatar koyar da su sauƙaƙan dokokin kare kai daga haɗuwa da cin zarafi, misali ya kamata a koyar da yara cewa :-

-Babu wanda zai kasance yana cutar dani

-Babu wanda zai taɓa min al'aura

-Babu wanda zai ɗauki hoton al'aura ta.

- Idan ina da wata matsala, zan sanar da ita ga wani na

-Kada na bar duk wata cutarwa da wani ke yi mini a matsayin sirri musamman wadda ta shafi taɓa al'aura ta.

-Na sanar da wani/wata idan wani na ƙoƙarin haiƙe mini

2. DOKOKI

  Wajibi ne masu zartar da dokoki su samar da doka mai ƙwari da hukunci mai raɗaɗi ga duk wanda aka samu da laifin cin zarafin ƙananun yara. Wannan shine babban mashinfiɗi da zamu samar domin kawar da duk wata barazana mainfuskantar manyan gobe.

Mun samar da kwas na musamman game da cin zarafi a kwalejin Hausa ta yanar gizo mai suna AAGHOLI. Ana iya ɗaukar cikakken kwas ɗin a kyauta ra nan hanyar:- https://aagli.com.ng/courses/child-maltreatment-and-prevention/